Ma ng'anjo omira pansi pamadzi amagawidwa ndi ma elekitirodi m'mitundu iwiri: omwe ali ndi maelekitirodi opangidwa mu makona atatu (kuphatikiza ng'anjo zozungulira ndi katatu) ndi omwe ali ndi maelekitirodi okonzedwa molunjika (kuphatikiza ng'anjo zamakona anayi ndi elliptical). Zitsanzo zodziwika bwino ndi ng'anjo zozungulira (monga ng'anjo za ferroalloy) ndi ng'anjo zamakona anayi (monga ng'anjo zosungunulira matte).
Poyerekeza ndi ng'anjo zamakona anayi, ng'anjo zozungulira zimakhala ndi izi:
1) Maelekitirodi atatuwa amasanjidwa mu makona atatu ofanana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti -pakhale zolemetsa zitatu (kukana kugwira ntchito) ndi kugawa mphamvu;
2) Kutentha kwapamwamba-kumakhala kokhazikika, zomwe zimalola kuti ng'anjo yapakati (pakati pa maelekitirodi atatu) ifike kutentha kwambiri;
3) Kutentha kwa khoma la ng'anjo-malo otayirapo pa yuniti iliyonse-gawo la dziwe losungunuka ndi locheperapo; izi sizimangochepetsa kuchepa kwa kutentha komanso zimalola kuti magetsi azitalikirapo-nthawi zozimitsa;
4) Thupi la ng'anjo likhoza kuzunguliridwa ndi makina kuti zitsimikizire kuyenda bwino ndi kayendetsedwe ka zinthu mkati mwa ng'anjo.
Poyerekeza ndi ng'anjo zozungulira, ng'anjo zamakona amakona zimakhala ndi izi:
1) Mapangidwe a ng'anjo ndi osavuta, ndipo mapangidwe a zida zothandizira zamagetsi (zosintha, makina opangira ndi kutulutsa) ndizosavuta;
2) Atha kukhala ndi maelekitirodi asanu ndi limodzi, potero akukulitsa malo osungunula;
3) Ma elekitirodi amaika zoletsa zochepa pakuyenda kwa zinthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kutulutsa mpweya wopangidwa posungunuka;
4) Kutentha kwapakati pa dziwe losungunuka kumakhala kochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutentha kwapadera kuchepe.
Ng'anjo zamakona amakona zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kusungunula kwa matte, kupanga calcium carbide, ndi kupanga ferromanganese. ng'anjo zambiri za ferroalloy zimakhala zozungulira; ng'anjo zozungulira zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'makampani omwe si{1}}amene amasungunula chitsulo, mwachitsanzo, posungunula nickel oxide ore ndi cobalt slag.
Ng'anjo ya arc yomira pansi ndi mtundu wa ng'anjo yosungunula; miyeso yovuta kwambiri ya ng'anjoyo ndi ya dziwe losungunuka-makamaka kutalika, m'lifupi (kapena m'mimba mwake), ndi kuya kwake. Popeza ng'anjo izi kudalira makamaka magetsi kutentha, dziwe losungunuka theoretically akutumikira monga zone ogwira kwa kutembenuka kwa magetsi mphamvu kutentha; chifukwa chake, miyeso ya dziwe losungunula nthawi zambiri imakhala yochulukitsa ma elekitirodi awiri.
Ng'anjo zamakona amakona nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi denga la ng'anjo ndipo zimagwira ntchito ngati mayunitsi otsekedwa; miyeso yawo yayikulu imaphatikizapo utali, m'lifupi, ndi kuya kwa dziwe losungunuka, komanso pakati-ku-pakatikati patalikirana ndi maelekitirodi ndi kutalika kwa chipinda chang'anjo.